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ADHD Stimulant Medication Stimulant drugs are the first line treatment for ADHD. They have a long record of high response, excellent tolerance and safety throughout the lifespan. It's crucial to find the right dosage and medication that alleviates your or your child's symptoms without side effects. This may require a lot of trial and error as and a clear dialogue with your doctor. Stimulants Stimulants are substances that boost activity in the central nervous system. Students and workers, athletes, artists and others take them to boost their cognitive and performance. They are also used for treating attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and binge eating disorder and some anxiety disorders. Amphetamines and methylphenidates as well as other stimulant drugs are the most commonly used. FDA-approved prescription stimulants are available in immediate-release and extended-release formulas. Immediate-release pills are usually taken every 4 hours. When they stop working they can cause an abrupt and brief loss of energy. The crash can result in severe mood swings, hunger, and fatigue. Immediate-release medications can also raise blood pressure and heartbeat in certain people. This is particularly true when they do not eat enough. Extended-release medicines are formulated to release active ingredients over 8-16 hours. This type of medication may be prescribed by your doctor when you're looking for long-lasting symptoms control without taking pills frequently throughout the day. Methylphenidate products in the extended-release category include Ritalin, Concerta, and Focalin. Another alternative is the long-acting methylphenidate patch called Daytrana, which sticks to the skin like a bandage and lasts for the entire day. This type of medication is available to adults with ADHD and require daily doses that last longer than immediate-release options. The use of stimulants doesn't cure ADHD however they can assist in managing symptoms by improving the way neurons in the brain communicate with one and each. They do this by affecting the levels of neurotransmitters within the brain, such as dopamine and norepinephrine, by blocking or binding to their receptors. This allows more neurotransmitters be released and aids in ensuring that messages between neurons are more effectively transferred and received. In addition to stimulants, doctors can prescribe antidepressants to treat ADHD. medication for adhd adults of antidepressants that doctors prescribe for ADHD affect the levels of norepinephrine serotonin and dopamine in your brain. One of the groups, called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors is a good choice for people who have depression or anxiety, too. These medications are usually paired with stimulants to increase their effectiveness. Other reasons why your doctor may switch you between stimulant and non-stimulant medication is if the previous medication isn't working or causes intolerable side effects. Long-acting Around 70% to 80% children and adults with ADHD benefit from stimulants. They can reduce symptoms such as the tendency to fidget and talk over others. They also help improve social skills and job performance. The stimulant medication begins to work as soon as it crosses the blood-brain barriers that can take 45 to 60 minutes. They increase the levels of dopamine and Norepinephrine between brain cells, which reduces the amount of hyperactivity and impulseivity. The FDA-approved stimulant drugs contain two molecules that are the methylphenidate (Adderall, Ritalin, Vyvanse, Concerta) and amphetamine (Ritalin, Adderall XR, Vyvanse XR). Stimulants can cause side reactions that include stomach upset weight loss, an increase in heart rate and blood pressure, headaches, and nervousness or anxiety. They can also cause tics to become worse and cause sleep problems for some people. Long-acting stimulants, such as Strattera or Wellbutrin, work all day and night. Short-acting medicines only last a few hours. They also aid in other disorders like anxiety or depression. The medications affect the way that your body regulates chemical known as monoamine oxides. Monoamine oxidases break down dopamine inside the brain, along with other neurotransmitters. These chemicals stay in the body longer if they are not broken down. This can impact your behavior and your thinking. Long-acting medicines can cause fewer adverse effects, and your doctor may prescribe smaller doses that you consume throughout the day. Certain stimulants are available as extended-release formulations that you take once a day. This may be more convenient for some adults, however it's crucial to remember to take them every day. Other medications have been proven to be effective for a lot of people suffering from ADHD, including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). These are usually used to treat anxiety or depression however, they can be prescribed for ADHD and 70% of people react. Bupropion (Wellbutrin) is a different SSRI that has been approved for ADHD and has been proven to be more effective than placebos in one controlled study. These drugs can cause serious side effects, such as the ringing of ears, anxiety and changes in heart and lung function. Short-acting Stimulant medication reduces ADHD symptoms by increasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine that are present in the brain. These two chemicals help people manage their behavior and improve their focus. These drugs come in many different forms and each one has its own brand, like Adderall Vyvanse Ritalin Concerta. There are two major types of stimulant medicines such as the methylphenidates (such as methylphenidate) and the amphetamines (such as dextroamphetamine). They all have similar effects, but differ in the duration of their effect. The methylphenidates are less effective that can last up to three hours, whereas the amphetamines provide longer-lasting effects. Some people are better in their ability to take long-acting stimulant medications than short-acting medications which is why your doctor may prescribe this kind of drug. It is important that you know as much as you can about the medication. This includes any side effects, how often it should be taken, and any warnings. This will make it easier to collaborate with your doctor in figuring out the right medication and dose for you. You should also understand that these medications may cause a few negative side effects, including difficulty sleeping or a loss of appetite. If these occur consult your physician about adjusting the dosage or trying different medications. Adults with ADHD who aren't responding well to stimulants may be treated with non-stimulant medications that take longer to begin working but can improve the ability of a person to pay attention and manage impulses. These medications are available either alone or in combination. Atomoxetine, also referred to as Strattera or Qelbree is the very first. It works by increasing dopamine and norepinephrine in the prefrontal cortex that regulates the behavior. Another is Guanfacine (brand name Intuniv), which belongs to a class of drugs known as alpha agonists. They work by preventing the absorption of these brain chemicals and increasing their level in the bloodstream. Guanfacine was originally designed to treat high blood pressure, has now been proved to be effective in treating ADHD. Combinations People suffering from ADHD utilize a variety of drug combinations. These include stimulants and depressants such as the guanfacine or clonidine. These drugs can be calming for the brain, and can reduce symptoms like insomnia and aggressive behaviour. They also help prevent the onset of withdrawal from stimulants. However, this combination could be dangerous if it is not properly used. Serotonin syndrome is a drug emergency that occurs when there is a high concentration of serotonin in the body. This combination can also increase the blood pressure and heart rate. People with heart disease or high blood pressure are at higher risk of developing side effects from this medication. Combinations of stimulants are increasingly being used by teens and young adults. These are commonly described as “legal highs” and are available at pharmacies. They are also sold on the black market. These substances can be hazardous particularly when they are combined with alcohol or other drugs. This is known as polydrug use, and is extremely risky. Mixing drugs can cause unpredictable and harmful consequences, such as an increased heart rate, slower breathing, paranoia, hallucinations seizures, and addiction. Combination therapy is more effective than monopharmacotherapy when it comes to treating ADHD according to a study. Combining medication increased compliance and allowed patients to experience greater relief from symptoms than monotherapy. Some patients, however stopped their treatment due to adverse effects. In a few instances, the medication was discontinued because of sleep problems or worsening tics. This could be due to a poor diagnosis or a lack of medication. Nonstimulants are a different treatment option for ADHD. These drugs help improve attention span and impulse control however they don't work as well as stimulants. They are also less likely to suppress growth and reduce appetite. Certain antidepressants can also be prescribed for ADHD however, they are less likely of enhancing concentration and focus. Numerous studies have demonstrated that atomoxetine and methylphenidate (Concerta) can be combined to yield better results than either drug on its own. The combination of these two medications was proven to improve adherence and reduce adverse effects in the majority of people. The combination was also effective for adolescents and young adults. This combination may be a viable treatment for children with severe ADHD.